| Sign In | Join Free | My infospaceinc.com |
|
| Sign In | Join Free | My infospaceinc.com |
|
Packaging Directive
Project Introduction
Packaging is an indispensable part of commodities and plays an
indispensable role in commodity circulation. Packaging materials
are often discarded by consumers after use and then enter the
environment and soil. The hazardous substances contained in them
will directly harm the environment. Therefore, countries around the
world attach great importance to the control of packaging
materials, such as the EU 94/62/EC "Directive of the European
Parliament and the Council on Packaging and the Treatment of
Packaging Waste" on "Restriction of Hazardous Substances",
"Reusability", "Recyclable Use", "Containing Recycled Materials"
and other packaging regulations.
US Packaging Regulation TPCH (CONEG)
CONEG is a local regulation established by the Northeastern States
Association (8 states) in 1989 to reduce the content of heavy
metals in packaging and packaging materials. With the establishment
of TPCH in 1992, CONEG was renamed TPCH. However, the test methods
and requirements of TPCH are the same as those of CONEG and remain
unchanged, and the requirements for controlling products and toxic
and hazardous substances are basically consistent with those of the
EU.
EU Packaging Directive
Introduction to EU Packaging Directive:
The EU Packaging Directive is short for: Packaging and packaging waste, and the name of the directive is: Directive 94/62/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 1994 on packaging and packaging waste. The main reason for the purpose of managing/regulating packaging materials is that packaging materials are often discarded by consumers at will after use and enter the environmental soil, and the harmful substances contained in them will directly pollute the environment.
On February 7, 2013, the EU published Directive 2013/2/EU in the Official Gazette to amend Annex I of Directive 94/62/EC on packaging and packaging waste. This directive will take effect 20 days after the date of publication in the Official Gazette.
2013/2/EU revised Annex I of 94/62/EC (illustrative examples of the definition of packaging in Article 3, paragraph 1 of the EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive), and the revised Annex I added 19, 4, and 2 illustrative examples to the example guidelines (i), (ii), and (iii) respectively. These illustrative example lists clarify the boundaries between packaging and non-packaging. Although the EU Packaging Directive has been revised many times, the management requirements for hazardous substances in packaging materials have not changed.
Test objects include:
Product packaging cartons, cartons, wooden frames, film boxes, plastic bags, bubble bags, foam, polystyrene, fixtures, thin plates, ropes, paints, inks, tapes, glues, cable ties, labels, instructions, etc.
1. This directive covers all packaging placed on the market within the Community and all packaging waste, whether it is used or discarded in industry, commerce, offices, shops, services, homes or any other scope, and has nothing to do with the materials used.
2. The application of this directive does not affect existing packaging quality requirements, such as packaging products for safety, protection of health and hygiene or existing transportation requirements or Council Directive 91/689/EEC of December 12, 1991 on hazardous waste.
Controlled substances and limits:
The EU Packaging Materials Directive (94/62/EC) regulates the
maximum concentration limits of the four major heavy metals (lead,
mercury, cadmium and hexavalent chromium):
Lead (Pb) + Cadmium (Cd) + Mercury (Hg) + Hexavalent Chromium
(Cr+6) <100ppm
From June 30, 2001, the total amount of lead, cadmium, hexavalent chromium and mercury contained in all packaging and packaging components shall not exceed 100 ppm
"Packaging components" are the smallest part of the packaging that can be easily separated by hand. Compliance with the directive is shown by testing or based on the results calculated from the heavy metal test of the packaging material.
US Packaging Regulations
CONEG is a local regulation established by the Northeastern State
Heads Association (8 states) in 1989 to reduce the content of heavy
metals in packaging and packaging materials. With the establishment
of TPCH in 1992, CONEG was also renamed TPCH. However, the TPCH
test methods and requirements are the same as those of CONEG and
remain unchanged, and the requirements for controlling products and
toxic and hazardous substances are basically consistent with those
of the EU.
Definition of packaging material and product testing
Packaging material and product testing refers to the process of
conducting one or more special tests on the protective quality and
protective methods of materials and products used to manufacture
packaging containers, packaging decoration, packaging printing,
packaging transportation, etc. that meet product packaging
requirements.
Scope of packaging material and product testing
Packaging material and product testing can be divided into the
following parts according to the type of material:
(1) Paper product packaging material testing
Testing of paper materials and products such as paper and
cardboard. Paper materials and products are the most widely used
products in production and life, and the quality of paper is
directly related to the quality of the product. Paper product
packaging material testing includes several major types of
performance, such as printing performance, mechanical performance,
and weather resistance performance. Common quality problems of
paper product packaging materials include: the printing performance
and mechanical performance of paper products do not meet product
standards and usage requirements; cargo damage caused by poor
weather resistance; paper products release harmful substances,
causing product pollution or damage, etc.
(2) Plastic packaging material testing
Testing of plastic packaging materials and products. Plastic
packaging is also an important type of packaging used in our daily
lives, second only to paper. The main testing items for plastic
packaging materials include: mechanical properties (stretching,
tearing, puncture, etc.), barrier properties (moisture barrier,
oxygen barrier, etc.), weather resistance, optical properties,
antistatic properties, foam material cushioning properties, etc.
Common quality problems of plastic packaging materials include:
insufficient mechanical properties and barrier properties;
discoloration, brittleness, melting, adhesion, cracking, etc. in
weather resistance tests; transmittance and UV transmittance not
meeting the standards; abnormal values of surface resistance in
the specified environment test, poor material cushioning
properties, etc.
(3) Testing of wooden packaging materials
Testing of wooden packaging materials refers to the testing of
wooden materials such as wood and artificial board products used
for supporting, protecting or carrying materials for goods. The
main testing items for wooden packaging materials include: static
bending strength, bending strength, bonding strength, nail holding
force, moisture content, formaldehyde emission, weather resistance,
etc.
Common quality problems of wooden packaging materials include:
board breakage; product rust caused by high moisture content of
wood; formaldehyde release and harmful gas release, etc.
(4) Composite packaging material testing
Composite packaging material testing is aimed at two or more
materials that are combined together through one or more composite
processes to form a composite material with certain functions.
Composite packaging material testing items mainly include: barrier
properties, mechanical properties, weather resistance, light
blocking, anti-static properties, etc.
Common composite packaging material quality problems include:
barrier properties (moisture permeability, oxygen permeability),
mechanical properties do not meet the indicators; aluminum foil
bags and aluminum-plated bags have poor light blocking properties;
electrical properties such as surface resistance do not meet the
standards, etc.
(5) Food packaging testing
Food packaging has the function of protecting food, preventing
damage from biological, chemical, physical and other external
factors during circulation, and maintaining the stable quality of
the food itself. It can not only facilitate the consumption of
food, but also show the appearance of food, attract consumption,
and enhance the value of the product. Common food packaging
materials include paper, plastic, wood, glass, metal, etc.
Food packaging testing items mainly include: protective properties
(physical properties are the same as the test properties of the
above materials), food safety performance (chemical properties
(hygienic properties, heavy metals, harmful substances (plastic
additives, coatings, solvents, etc.)), microorganisms, etc.)
Common food packaging quality issues include: food bag bulging
caused by poor sealing and barrier properties; excessive solvent
residues, plastic additive detection amounts exceeding specified
requirements; microbial contamination of products, etc.
|
